WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY is generally used for mobile IT equipment.
It encompasses cellular telephones, personal digital assistants (PDA's), and wireless
networking.
Other examples of wireless technology include GPS
units, garage door openers and or garage doors, wireless computer mice and keyboards,
satellite television and cordless telephones.
What is Wireless?
Wireless networking technologies range from global voice and
data networks which allow users networks, to establish wireless connections
across long distances, to infrared light and radio frequency technologies that
are optimized for short‐range wireless connections.
Wireless network most commonly use to refer to a telecommunications
network whose interconnections between nodes is implemented without
the use of wires, such as a computer network.
Wireless telecommunications networks are generally implemented
with some type of information transmission system that uses electromagnetic
waves, such as radio waves, for the carrier
Wireless communication involves
•
radio frequency
communication
•
microwave communication,
for example long‐range line of sight via highly directional antennas or short line‐of‐antennas,
shortrange communication
•
infrared (IR)
short‐range communication, for example from remote controls or via IRDA Applications
may involve point‐to‐point communication, point‐to‐multipoint communication,
broadcasting , cellular networks and other wireless networks.
Devices commonly use wireless networking technologies:
•
portable computers,
•
desktop computers
•
hand‐held computers,
•
personal digital assistants (PDAs),
•
cellular phones,
•
pen‐based computers,
•
pagers, GPS etc.
The practical purposes
•
mobile users can use their cellular phone to
access e‐mail.
•
Travelers with portable computers can connect
to the Internet through base stations installed in airports, railway stations,
and other public locations.
•
At home, users can connect devices on their
desktop to synchronize data and transfer files.
Type of Wireless Network
1.
Wireless wide area networks
(WWANs)
2.
Wireless metropolitan area
networks (WMANs)
3.
Wireless local area
networks (WLANs)
4.
Wireless personal area
networks (WPANs)
1. Wireless
wide area networks (WWANs)
WWAN technologies enable users to establish wireless
connections over remote public or private networks. These connections can be
maintained over large geographical areas, such as cities or countries, through
the use of multiple antenna sites or satellite systems maintained by wireless service
providers.
2. Wireless
metropolitan area networks (WMANs)
WMAN technologies enable users to establish wireless
connections between multiple locations within a metropolitan area (for example,
between multiple office buildings in a city or on a university campus), without
the high cost of laying fiber or copper cabling and leasing lines
3. Wireless
local area networks (WLANs)
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) are implemented as an
extension to wired LANs within a building and can provide the final few meters
of connectivity between a wired network and the mobile user.
WLAN technologies enable users to establish wireless
connections within a local area (for example, within a corporate or campus
building, or in a public space, such as an airport). WLANs can be used in
temporary offices or other spaces where the installation of extensive cabling
would be prohibitive, or to supplement an existing LAN so that users can work
at different locations within a building at different times.
4. 4 .Wireless personal area
networks (WPANs)
WPAN technologies enable users to establish ad hoc, wireless
communications for devices (such as PDAs, cellular phones, or laptops) that are
used within a personal operating space (POS).
A POS is the space surrounding a person, up to a distance of
10 meters.
Application
•
Voice and messaging,
•
Hand‐held and other
Internet‐enableddevices, and
•
Data Networking.
Voice and messaging,
•
Cell phones, pagers.
•
analog or digital standards
–
The analog standard is the
Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS).
–
Digital standards are
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Time Division Multiple Access
(TDMA), or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA).
Hand‐held and other Internet‐enabled devices
•
Internet‐enabled cell
phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) can connect to the Internet
across a digital wireless network.
•
Uses Wireless Application
Protocol (WAP),and WML (Wireless Markup Language)
•
the majority of current
Internet content is not optimized for these devices; presently, only email,
stock quotes, news, messages and simple transaction oriented services are
messages, transaction‐available.
•
Other limitations include
low bandwidth (less than 14 Kbps), low quality of service, high cost, the need
for additional equipment, and high utilization of devices' battery power.
Nevertheless, this type of wireless technology is growing rapidly with better
and more interoperable products.
Data Networking.
•
Infra Red
•
wireless local area networks
(WLANs)
•
broadband wireless.
•
Bluetooth,
•
WiMax
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